A ROADMAP TO SELENIUM

An open-source programme called Selenium automates web browsers. It offers a single interface that enables you to create test scripts in a number of different programming languages, including Ruby, Java, NodeJS, PHP, Perl, Python, and C#. In this post, we will discuss about a roadmap to selenium automation training.

 

HISTORY

Making history in 2004 in two sections (from Selenium A to B)

ThoughtWorks’ Jason Huggins needs to test the front-end functionality of his web application in various browsers.

He creates a tool that allows the tester to write code that could “automate” front-end user interactions by inserting JavaScript below the webpage. The JavaScript TestRunner was born out of this.

The JS-injection solution was a workaround for the “same-host origin policy,” which forbids external JavaScript code from accessing items from a domain it didn’t initially belong in, despite the fact that it couldn’t naturally duplicate user interactions (via keystrokes/mouse movements). However, both internal developers and ThoughtWorks’ clients are pleased with the technology.

Due to widespread demand, the utility is now open-sourced.

Huggins and his coworker Paul set out to do away with the requirement for JS-injections.

Discuss the potential existence of a “server” component. As an HTTP proxy, this server would deceive the browser instance into thinking that the test script and the web application under test are coming from the same source.

The original client-side driver (TestRunner) is converted to Ruby while the server component is developed in Java.

The original selenium is this. In the evolution chronology, it is referred to as Driven Selenium or Selenium B.

Selenium RC in 2005 (Remote Control)

Dan Fabulich and Nelson Sproul start working on the driver coder somewhere else (particularly at Bea). They finally turned it into a standalone server with MortBay’s Jetty included as an HTTP proxy.

This is known as Selenium 1.0 or Selenium RC (Remote Control). 

Selenium IDE, 2006

The Selenium driver code is wrapped by Shinya Kasatani in a Firefox IDE module.

When it functions, he discovers that he can perform a useful “live test” on a website, using the browser to interact (as a user would), recording and replaying the interactions, and debugging as necessary.

The Selenium IDE is the result of Kasatani’s donation of this tool to the Selenium project.

the Selenium WebDriver in 2007 (Selenium 2.0)

Simon Stewart meticulously creates distinct “driver” clients for each common browser at ThoughtWorks so that all of them may support automation using native browser features.

It’s profitable. The WebDriver project gains notoriety.

2008: The Selenium Grid multiplied by “n”

Philippe Hanrigou develops a server at ThoughtWorks that testers can access and use.

Tests on instances of browsers on a variety of remote devices.

The Grid is the name given to this. Cut to…

Selenium 3.0 in 2016

WebDriver replaces Selenium RC as the recommended implementation, resulting in Selenium 3.0.

W3C Protocol for 2019

The W3C adopts WebDriver as a standard protocol.

Release of Selenium 4 in 2021

The official release date of Selenium 4.0 was October 13, 2021.

Why do I need to test using Selenium automation?

Consider a case where a human tester must determine whether the web app’s signup page (www.example.com/signup) correctly registers a user and validates input strings in the most recent releases of Chrome and Firefox on Windows 7.

Assume that the username, email address, and password boxes are present on the signup page. The test subject will receive a Windows 7 desktop and do the following actions sequentially in the most recent Chrome and Firefox versions

Enter the URL (www.example.com/signup) in the address bar.

Fill out each input field with an erroneous string (email, username, and password)

Verify that the input strings were compared to the corresponding regexes and any database values that already existed.

Fill out each input field with “legal” strings, then click Join Now

Verify if the “Welcome, ‘username'” page appeared.

Verify whether a new userID for “username” was established in the system database.

If it did, mark the test as “passed,” and “failed,” if the signup feature malfunctioned at any point during the test.

That system test is pretty elementary. In order to achieve the benchmarked compatibility standards, testers are more likely to examine all user workflows on www.example.com for issues on as many OS-browser combinations as necessary.

Depending on how many manuals there are, the amount of human testers (and the thoroughness of the test cases) will determine how long it will take to verify that the web app is completely functional.

Modern product teams and developers are unable to set aside so much time for testing, nor can they put off thorough testing in order to release quickly. This is why they use automation, driven by Selenium, to boost their testing.

WEBDRIVER

Learn more about WebDriver, which natively runs a browser.

WebDriver represents a significant advancement in browser automation because it operates a browser natively, just like a user would, on a local computer or remotely using the Selenium server.

Both the language bindings and the actual implementations of the unique browser controlling code are referred to as Selenium WebDriver. Commonly, this is referred to as WebDriver.

A W3C recommendation is Selenium WebDriver.

WebDriver is intended to provide a more straightforward and condensed programming interface.

Compact object-oriented API called WebDriver.

It efficiently powers the browser.

Through the use of WebDriver, Selenium supports the automation of all the popular browsers on the market. An API and protocol called WebDriver defines a language-neutral interface for managing web browser behavior. The term “driver” refers to the unique WebDriver implementation that supports each browser. The driver manages communication to and from Selenium and the browser and is in charge of delegating tasks to the browser.

This division is a deliberate strategy to make browser vendors accountable for the implementation of their browsers. Selenium uses these third party drivers where it can, but it also offers its own, project-maintained drivers when that is not possible.

All of these parts are connected by the Selenium framework. cross-browser and cross-platform automation is made possible by bringing the various browser backends seamlessly together through a user-facing interface.

The configuration of Selenium differs significantly from that of other commercial tools. Install the language bindings libraries for your preferred language, the browser you want to use, and the browser driver before you can begin creating Selenium code.

SELENIUM IDE

Automated web test recording and playback using open source

‘Web Ready’

Simple, turnkey method for writing trustworthy end-to-end tests rapidly. Works for any web app right out of the box.

‘Simple Debugging’

With advanced IDE tools like setting breakpoints and pausing on exceptions, test debugging is made simpler.

‘Execution across browsers’

Utilize the Command-line Runner for Selenium IDE to simultaneously run your tests on any browser and OS combination.

Utilizable IDE

Other than adding the plugin to your browser, Selenium IDE requires no more preparation before use. One of our guiding principles is to offer a simple tool with immediate feedback. We think that making it simpler will encourage more people to write tests, which will lead to better-tested apps.

Adaptive Tests

For each element it interacts with, the Selenium IDE records numerous locators. The other locators will be attempted until one is successful if one fails during playback.

Reusing Test Cases

You can reuse one test case inside of another by using the run command (e.g., allowing you to re-use your login logic in multiple places throughout a suite).

Control  flow

With available functions like if, while, and times, Selenium IDE comes with a robust control flow structure out of the box. Consult the Control Flow manual for more information.

Plugins

Plugins can be used to expand the capabilities of Selenium IDE. They can interface with a third-party service or add additional commands to the IDE. Create your own or use one that has already been created.

GRID

Want to run tests concurrently on various machines? Grid is for you in that case.

Selenium Grid enables the execution of WebDriver scripts on distant computers by forwarding client commands to distant browser instances.

The purpose of the grid is to: 

Make it simple to perform tests simultaneously on various machines.

Permit testing with several browser iterations

Enable testing across platforms.

To go more deep in selenium automation or selenium tools, Join our online courses available at Selenium Labs.

Selenium Labs is a best selenium training institute in Bangalore.